H2 Blockers
From Holoprosencephaly
H2 Blockers
Brand Names
Ranitidine (Zantac) Famotidine (Pepcid) Cimetidine (Tagamet) Nizatidine (Axid)
Uses:
These drugs work by decreasing the amount of acid produced by the stomach. They tend to provide longer-lasting relief from symptoms than some other types of medications, such as antacids. Many conditions involving excess stomach acid may be treated with H2 blockers. These include peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophagitis. They are generally safe medications, can be given just twice per day, and are the mainstay of medical treatment for GERD. Ranitidine (Zantac) and famotidine (Pepcid) generally have been preferred over cimetidine (Tagamet) because they do not affect the metabolism of other drugs as much.
Forms:
They are available both with and without a prescription, depending on their strength, and may be administered as an oral solution or tablet. Some H2 blockers are available for IV administration.
Side effects:
Note--this is an incomplete list of potential side effects. Ask your physician or pharmacist for a complete list of side effects caused by the prescribed medication.
Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
•headache •dizziness •constipation •mild diarrhea •fussiness (in babies who take famotidine) •upset stomach or stomach pain
Some side effects can be serious. The following symptoms are uncommon, but if you experience any of them call your doctor immediately:
•hives •skin rash •itching •swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs •hoarseness •difficulty breathing or swallowing •confusion •extreme mood changes
H2 blockers may cause other side effects. Symptoms of overdose can be similar to the medication’s side effects but are usually more severe. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking your medication.
Precautions:
- H2 blockers and antacids should not be taken within one hour of each other, as antacids can decrease the body’s ability to absorb medications such as H2 blockers.
- Patients who have certain medical conditions – such as liver or kidney damage should notify physician.
- Several types of drugs also interact poorly with H2 blockers. Tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking. This is especially important for those who are taking Cimetidine (Tagamet). There is a long list of medications, including some psychotropics, heart and breathing medications that will cause serious adverse reactions when taken with this particular medication.
- H2 blockers may not be appropriate for extremely premature infants.
For more detailed information about H2 Blockers, ask your healthcare provider.
[Click here for more information about Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease]
